Physical Activity as a Social Right Within the Leisure and Health Sectors in Brazil

Physical activity is recognized as an important means for promoting health and quality of life. However, the discussion regarding this practice as a human right needs to be expanded. The objective of this study was to analyze the perceptions of professionals from two scientific institutions in Brazil regarding leisure-time physical activity as a social right. The research was descriptive, documentary, cross-sectional, and exploratory in nature, with non-probabilistic sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was adopted in Google Forms format, and content analysis was used for data analysis. The sample consisted of 80 participants. The main results highlight the recognition of leisure time and health as social rights, as well as the existence of barriers such as social inequalities in the realization of these rights. However, there is evidence of progress in public policies in Brazil that aim to democratize leisure-time physical activity as a social right

PRODUÇÃO DE CACHAÇA NA ÁREA DE JURISDIÇÃO DO BNB: MERCADO E ESTRUTURA DA CADEIA PRODUTIVA

A cachaça é a terceira bebida alcoólica mais consumida no mundo, embora esse consumo ocorra primordialmente no Brasil. Nos últimos anos tem-se observado crescimento do interesse público e privado em expandir a produção e a comercialização desse produto. No Nordeste predomina micro e pequenos produtores de baixo nível tecnológico, porém o setor possui papel importante na geração de emprego e renda. A partir de 1990 ocorreu crescimento das exportações de cachaça no Brasil, resultado das ações desenvolvidas em prol do setor. As exportações brasileiras têm sido realizadas principalmente pelas empresas padronizadoras. São Paulo é o maior exportador nacional, Pernambuco ocupa a terceira colocação no volume nacional exportado, sendo também o maior exportador nordestino de cachaça. Os melhores preços no mercado internacional são obtidos pela cachaça artesanal, especialmente pelas produzidas em Minas Gerais, porém, representa apenas 10% das vendas de cachaça no mercado externo. Internamente o mercado é pulverizado com muitas marcas com presença regional e poucas marcas com distribuição nacional. As cachaças industriais dominam o mercado, a artesanal formalizada e de melhor qualidade possui maior valor agregado sendo destinada a consumidores mais exigentes e a artesanal de baixa qualidade é comercializada a granel para atravessadores a preços baixos. Atualmente o setor passa pela necessidade de ajustamento das normas de qualidade às exigências do mercado. O setor possui potencialidades de mercado ainda pouco exploradas, a exemplo do turismo e do mercado externo. Com relação à cadeia produtiva, Salinas/MG se destaca dentre as demais regiões produtoras da área sob a jurisdição do BNB por possuir praticamente todos os elos da cadeia produtiva. A Bahia também possui cadeia produtiva bastante solidificada. As demais regiões produtoras enfrentam problemas relacionados à aquisição de máquinas e equipamentos e deficiência de assistência técnica, financiamento, pesquisa e organização.----------------------------------------------The cachaça is the third alcoholic beverage more consumer in the world, although, this consumption occur primordially into the Brazil. In the last years has been observed growth of interest public and private in expanding the production and the commercialization of this product. In the Northeast predominates micron and small producers of low-level technological, however, the sector possess important paper in the generation of employment and income. Since 1990 has been increasing the exports of cachaça from Brazil, resulted from the actions developed to promote the sector. The Brazilians exportations had been done principally by standardize companies’. São Paulo is largest exporter national, Pernambuco occupies the third national rank by volume exported, being also largest exporter northeastern of cachaça. The best prices in the marketplace international are gotten by artisan cachaça, especially for the produced in Minas Gerais, however, it represents only 10% from the sales of cachaça in the foreign market. Internally the market is sprayed with many marks, with presence regional and few, other marks with national distribution. Industries’ cachaça dominate the market, the formalize artisan and of better quality possess greater aggregated value being destined the consumers more demanding and the artisan of low quality is commercialized in bulk about to crossed at low prices. Currently in the sector there is the necessity to adjust some norms of quality requirement by the market. The sector has potentialities of market still little explored, the example of the tourism and of the foreign market. Concerning on the productive chain, Salinas/MG stands out in the midst of the regions productive from area under the jurisdiction of the BNB for own practically all of the links from productive chain. The Bahia also has productive chain quite solidify. The In the other productive regions face problems related on the acquisition of machines and equipment and deficiency of technique assistance, financing, research and organization.cachaça, mercado, cadeia produtiva, cachaça, market, productive chain, Agribusiness, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Rapid Modeling, Prototyping, and Generation of Digital Libraries- A Theory-Based Approach

Despite some development in the area of DL architectures and systems, there is still little support for the complete life cycle of DL development, including requirements gathering, conceptual modeling, rapid prototyping, and code generation and reuse. Even when partially supported, those activities are uncorrelated within the current systems, which can lead to inconsistencies and incompleteness. Moreover, the current few existing approaches are not supported by comprehensive and formal foundations and theories, which brings problems of interoperability and makes it extremely difficult to adapt and tailor systems to specific societal preferences and needs of the target community. In this paper, having the 5S formal theoretical framework as support, we present an architecture and a family of tools that allow rapid modeling, prototyping, and generation of digital libraries. 5S stands for Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios, and Societies and is our formal theory for DLs. 5SL is a domain-specific, declarative language for DL conceptual modeling. 5SGraph is a visual modeling tool that helps designers to model a digital library without knowing the theoretical foundations and the syntactical details of 5SL. Furthermore, 5SGraph maintains semantic constraints specified by a 5S metamodel and enforces these constraints over the instance model to ensure semantic consistency and correctness. 5SGraph also enables component reuse to reduce the time and efforts of designers. 5SLGen is a DL generation tool that takes specifications in 5SL and a set of component pools and generates portions of a running DL system. The outputs of 5SLGen include user interface prototypes, in a generic UI markup language, for validation of services behavior and workflow representations of the running system, generated to support the desired scenarios

Desenho e releitura : ima proposta para o ensino de artes visuais

Este trabalho de conclusão de curso teve como objetivo principal, fundamentar um projeto de ensino do Estágio de Docência em Artes Visuais. A pesquisa abordou possibilidades de aprendizagem com a linguagem do desenho, associada a práticas de releitura. Para isso se propôs investigar os processos e conceitos ligados à técnica do desenho, aos procedimentos de releitura, citação e apropriação, vinculados a uma apreciação imagética com referências na história da arte e na contemporaneidade. Refletir sobre as possibilidades de trabalhar com o desenho e a releitura de obras de arte no ensino de artes visuais, teve em vista uma abordagem ampla do tema, analisando e desenvolvendo questões ligadas ao desenho, como forma de acercar, problematizar e potencializar os conceitos de releitura, apropriação ou citação de imagens na educação escolar. Os principais referenciais teóricos são: Anne Cauquelin, Edith Derdyk, Fayga Ostrower, Ana Mae Barbosa, Analice Dutra Pillar, Ernst Gombrich e Giulio Carlo Argan. Como referenciais artísticos, utilizo o trabalho de vários artistas que se destacaram na utilização do desenho e da releitura na história da arte e também o meu próprio trabalho, já que tenho formação de bacharel em desenho, e faço uso de procedimentos de releitura, citação e apropriação no meu processo criativo. Proponho, assim, reflexões e diálogos sobre aprendizagens teóricas, experiências artísticas e impressões acerca da prática docente no estágio curricular, incluindo o planejamento do trabalho e seus resultados

A Digital Library Framework for Biodiversity Information Systems

Biodiversity information systems (BISs) involve all kinds of heterogeneous data, which include ecological and geographical features. However, available information systems offer very limited support for managing such data in an integrated fashion. Furthermore, such systems do not fully support image content management (e.g., photos of landscapes or living organisms), a requirement of many BIS end-users. In order to meet their needs, these users - e.g., biologists, environmental experts - often have to alternate between distinct biodiversity and image information systems to combine information extracted from them. This cumbersome operational procedure is forced on users by lack of interoperability among these systems. This hampers the addition of new data sources, as well as cooperation among scientists. The approach provided in this paper to meet these issues is based on taking advantage of advances in Digital Library (DL) innovations to integrate networked collections of heterogeneous data. It focuses on creating the basis for a biodiversity information system under the digital library perspective, combining new techniques of content-based image retrieval and database query processing mechanisms. This approach solves the problem of system switching, and provides users with a flexible architecture from which to tailor a BIS to their needs. To illustrate the use of this architecture, it has been instantiated to support the creation of a BIS for fish species in a real application. The goal is to help researchers on ichthyology to identify fish specimen by using search retrieval techniques. Experimental results suggest that this new approach improves the effectiveness of the fish identification process, if compared to the tradition key-based method

Extending the 5S Framework of Digital Libraries to support Complex Objects, Superimposed Information, and Content-Based Image Retrieval Services

Advanced services in digital libraries (DLs) have been developed and widely used to address the required capabilities of an assortment of systems as DLs expand into diverse application domains. These systems may require support for images (e.g., Content-Based Image Retrieval), Complex (information) Objects, and use of content at fine grain (e.g., Superimposed Information). Due to the lack of consensus on precise theoretical definitions for those services, implementation efforts often involve ad hoc development, leading to duplication and interoperability problems. This article presents a methodology to address those problems by extending a precisely specified minimal digital library (in the 5S framework) with formal definitions of aforementioned services. The theoretical extensions of digital library functionality presented here are reinforced with practical case studies as well as scenarios for the individual and integrative use of services to balance theory and practice. This methodology has implications that other advanced services can be continuously integrated into our current extended framework whenever they are identified. The theoretical definitions and case study we present may impact future development efforts and a wide range of digital library researchers, designers, and developers

An OAI-based Digital Library Framework for Biodiversity Information Systems

Biodiversity information systems (BISs) involve all kinds of heterogeneous data, which include ecological and geographical features. However, available information systems offer very limited support for managing such data in an integrated fashion, and integration is often based on geographic coordinates alone. Furthermore, such systems do not fully support image content management (e.g., photos of landscapes or living organisms), a requirement of many BIS end-users. In order to meet their needs, these users - e.g., biologists, environmental experts - often have to alternate between distinct biodiversity and image information systems to combine information extracted from them. This cumbersome operational procedure is forced on users by lack of interoperability among these systems. This hampers the addition of new data sources, as well as cooperation among scientists. The approach provided in this paper to meet these issues is based on taking advantage of advances in Digital Library (DL) innovations to integrate networked collections of heterogeneous data. It focuses on creating the basis for a biodiversity information system under the digital library perspective, combining new techniques of content-based image retrieval and database query processing mechanisms. This approach solves the problem of system switching, and provides users with a flexible platform from which to tailor a BIS to their needs

Atitudes, conhecimento e opiniao frente a saude mental em alunos de graduacao em enfermagem

A cross-sectional study involving 235 subjects was conducted in 2011 to compare the opinions of nursing students regarding mental illness and related care practices at two institutions in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Following approval by the ethics committee, data collection was initiated using an instrument containing questions regarding the importance of personal characteristics, knowledge of mental health, and the Opinions about Mental Illness (OMI) scale. Statistical analyses, including the Mann-Whitney test, Chi-squared test, and Spearman correlation at , were performed using SPSSv.15. The students exhibited significantly different characteristics only for Benevolence. Regarding the importance of knowledge about mental health, in comparison with students from the State University of Londrina (Universidade Estadual de Londrina – UEL), students at the State University of Maringa (Universidade Estadual de Maringá – UEM) considered psychological aspects more comprehensively than technical knowledge. We conclude that there are differences between students at these institutions in terms of knowledge and the factor Benevolence. Further studies are necessary to identify the underlying causes of such differences.Estudio transversal cuyo objetivo fue comparar la opinión de los estudiantes de Enfermería de dos instituciones de Paraná, Brasil, sobre la enfermedad mental y sus prácticas de cuidado. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo en el 2011, con 235 sujetos después de la aprobación del comité de ética en investigación. Se utilizó la escala de Opiniones sobre Enfermedades Mentales (ODM) y un instrumento con preguntas sobre la importancia de las características personales y los conocimientos en salud mental. El análisis se realizó con el programa estadístico SPSS-v.15, con las pruebas de Mann-Whitney y de Chi-cuadrado y la correlación de Spearman. En la ODM, los estudiantes presentaron diferentes características, significativas sólo en relación a la benevolencia. En relación a la importancia de los conocimientos en salud mental, los estudiantes de la UEM consideran más integralmente los aspectos psicológicos que los estudiantes de la UEL. Se concluye que existen diferencias entre los estudiantes de las instituciones participantes en relación con la benevolencia de la ODM y los conocimientos en salud mental. Existe la necesidad de realizar otros estudios para identificar con mayor profundidad las causas de estas diferencias.Estudo transversal cujo objetivo foi comparar a opinião de estudantes de Enfermagem de duas instituições paranaenses frente à doença mental e suas práticas de cuidado. A coleta de dados foi realizada em 2011 com 235 sujeitos após aprovação do comitê de ética em pesquisa. Utilizou-se escala de Opiniões sobre a Doença Mental (ODM) e um instrumento composto de questões sobre a importância de características pessoais e conhecimento em saúde mental. A análise foi realizada por meio do programa estatístico SPSS-v.15, com os testes de Mann-Whitney e Qui-quadrado e a correlação de Spearman . Na ODM, os estudantes apresentaram características distintas, significativas apenas em relação à benevolência. Quanto à importância dos conhecimentos em saúde mental, os estudantes da UEM consideram de forma mais integral os aspectos psicológicos que os da UEL. Concluiu-se que há diferenças entre os estudantes das instituições envolvidas em relação ao fator benevolência da ODM e ao conhecimento em saúde mental. Há necessidade de outros estudos que possam identificar com mais profundidade as causas dessas diferenças